تمزقات الشفا الحقّي

Bankart tear — front-lower labrum, after a dislocation — drives instability. SLAP tear — upper labrum at the biceps anchor — causes deep pain and weakness. Posterior tear — back of the labrum — from pushing loads or certain sports. Degenerative fraying — age-related wear, often an incidental finding.

A sense of instability or “catching” — deep in the joint. Pain with specific movements — particularly overhead or when loading the arm. Clicking, popping or grinding — during shoulder movement. Weakness — and reduced confidence in the shoulder.

Examination uses position-specific tests to localise the tear and reproduce instability or pain. An MRI with contrast (MR arthrogram) is the most reliable scan for visualising the labrum, defining the type of tear and any associated bone loss — the details that guide treatment.

Rehabilitation: Strengthening the surrounding muscles improves stability and eases pain for many tears, particularly degenerative ones. Arthroscopic repair: The torn labrum is reattached to the rim of the socket with sutures, restoring stability and the ligament anchor. Matched to the tear: The type and location of the tear, your age and activity together decide the best approach.

After a repair the shoulder is protected in a sling, then rehabilitated in stages — motion first, then strength, then sport-specific control — over three to six months. Arthroscopic labral repair has a high success rate, particularly for restoring stability after dislocation.