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As a result, most tennis injuries are overuse problems that build gradually — meaning technique, equipment and training load are central to both treatment and prevention.

Tennis elbow — pain on the outer elbow from repetitive gripping and backhands. Rotator cuff & impingement — from repetitive overhead serving. Shoulder labral irritation — in heavy servers. Patellar tendinopathy — “jumper’s knee” from explosive movement. Ankle sprains — from rapid changes of direction.

High training volume with inadequate recovery. Faulty technique loading the elbow or shoulder. Inappropriate racquet grip size, string tension or weight. Weakness in the shoulder blade and rotator cuff.

The large majority of tennis injuries are managed without surgery, by settling symptoms and addressing the cause. Rehabilitation: Targeted strengthening of the cuff, shoulder blade and forearm restores capacity and eases pain. Technique & equipment: Coaching adjustments and the right racquet set-up reduce the load that caused the problem. Load management: Sensible scheduling and recovery prevent the overload that drives most injuries.

Most players improve over several weeks to a few months with rehabilitation and technique work, returning to full play. Staying injury-free comes down to maintaining strength, sound technique and a sensible balance of play and recovery.