What is total shoulder replacement?
In an anatomic total shoulder replacement, the worn ball at the top of the arm bone is replaced with a smooth metal head, and the worn socket is resurfaced with a plastic component. Together they recreate a smooth, pain-free joint that mirrors the natural anatomy.
It is the procedure of choice for shoulder arthritis when the rotator cuff is intact and working — because an anatomic replacement relies on those tendons to power and stabilise the new joint.
Who is it for?
- Painful, advanced shoulder arthritis limiting daily life.
- An intact, functioning rotator cuff.
- Pain no longer controlled by conservative measures.
- Good-quality bone to support the implant.
If the rotator cuff is deficient, an anatomic replacement would loosen and fail. In that situation a reverse shoulder replacement, which works without the cuff, is the better option.
How the procedure works
Through a single incision at the front of the shoulder, the arthritic head is removed and replaced with a metal ball on a stem, and the socket is resurfaced with a plastic component. Careful balancing of the soft tissues helps the new joint feel natural and move smoothly.
Recovery timeline
Protect
A sling supports the shoulder; gentle, guided movements begin early.
Restore motion
Progressive range of motion as comfort allows.
Strength
Strengthening and a return to most daily and recreational activities.
Risks & outcomes
Anatomic total shoulder replacement is highly successful, with reliable pain relief and good restoration of movement; most implants last fifteen years or more. As major surgery it carries risks — including infection, stiffness, nerve irritation and, over time, implant wear or loosening — all minimised through technique, prophylaxis and rehabilitation.
Most patients regain comfortable, functional movement for daily life; the exact range depends on the starting stiffness and the soft tissues.
Most last fifteen years or more, depending on activity, bone quality and individual factors.